高中英语阅读课教学设计示例

山东省新泰市第一中学   王敏峰

中国自然灾害种类繁多，地震、台风、洪水、冰雹、泥石流等等时有发生，尤其近几年中国地震频发，造成了大范围的或局部地区的损害。人教版新课标高中英语必修一Unit4 Earthquake A night the earth didn’t sleep详细介绍了1976年唐山大地震前的预兆、地震造成的城市建筑损坏和人畜损失，以及震后人们勇敢面对现实并及时实施抢救和重建工作的情况，帮助学生了解地震并获得一些地震中的自救常识，从而减少或避免不必要的损失。

Teaching goals

1. 使学生对唐山大地震有所了解，能运用所学知识描述地震前兆、危害及震后援救。

2. 提高阅读技能，在阅读中培养学生的合作精神。

3. 学习唐山人民勇敢面对自然灾害、积极进行灾后重建的精神。

Teaching procedures

Step1. Lead-in and warming-up

1. Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Look at the

pictures. Can you name all the

disasters?

设计意图：通过呈现幻灯片，调动学生的积极性，同时引入话题。

2. Have you ever experienced an earthquake? Can you describe how terrible an earthquake is?

(The earth is shaking; All the buildings will fall down; Many people will die; Many children may become orphans.)

3. Describe what you see in the pictures.

设计意图：展示4幅关于地震的图片。首先让学生用自己的语言对画面进行描述，然后由教师使用课文中涉及的词汇或者短语来描述这些画面，在描述的过程当中对生字词加重语气，以加深学生对这些词汇的印象。

 

4. Look at two pictures. Can you tell the differences? Why?

Can you guess the name of this earthquake? How much do you know about it?

(Tangshan Earthquake. It was really a great disaster to the human being and it almost destroyed the whole city. It is one of the strongest earthquakes in China’s history, which happened in Tangshan, Hebei, in 1976.)

设计意图：教师展示图片并提问问题来激活学生头脑中对唐山的印象，以地震作为任务链引出唐山曾经发生的地震历史，通过比较建立起这座城市在地震前后之间的联系。

Step2. Fast reading

Today, we’ll learn a text “A Night the Earth didn’t sleep”. First, let’s look at the title again. Why didn’t the earth sleep for a night? What does the passage mainly talk about?

1. Exchange your understanding of the passage with group members and work together to find the main idea of each part.

Part1. (Par ______) Before the earthquake:_________

Part2. (Par.______) During the earthquake: ________

Part3. (Par ______) After the earthquake:  _________

2. Answer the questions

①In what order was the passage written?

②When did the earthquake happen?

③How many people were killed or injured in the quake?

④Who helped to rescue the people?

3. What’s the meaning of the title? Have you got the general idea of the text?

(Now please refer to the first sentences of each paragraph. Read them and think if they are the main idea of the text. If necessary, you may make some proper changes.)

设计意图：通过填空和问答形式锻炼学生概括段落大意的能力。由于高一学生的归纳总结能力较弱，这在一定程度上增加了难度。引导学生循序渐进，符合学生的认知规律。

Step3. Detailed reading

1. Ask the students to read the passage carefully and describe signs before the earthquake.

 

设计意图：根据图片让学生在有具体语境的情况下把本课要学的词汇联系起来，从而为下一步的阅读扫清障碍。

2. Damages caused by the

earthquake

※ At 3∶42 am, the greatest earthquake of the 20th century began.

※ Steam burst from holes in the ground.

※ Hard hills of the rock became rivers of dirt.

※ Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.

※ Two dams and most of the bridges fell.

※ The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.

※ Sand now filled the wells instead of water.

※ Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.

※  1/3  of the nation felt the earthquake .

※ A huge crack that was  8  kilometres long and  30  metres

wide cut across houses.

※ In  15  terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.

※  2/3  of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.

※ The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

※ All of the city’s hospitals, 75%  of its factories and buildings and  90%  of its homes were gone.

设计意图：通过填空练习，使学生在完成任务的过程中运用关键词阅读策略体会阅读的过程，检查学生对课文的掌握程度，让学生了解更多关于地震的危害。

3. Choose the best answer

(1)What is the mood of this passage?

A. Sad.

B. Serious.

C. Serious and a bit sad.

D. Calm.

(2)What can be inferred from the passage?

A. If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide, there must be an earthquake.

B. If some natural signs had not been ignored, all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.

C. There wouldn’t have been such a great earthquake, if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs.

D. If some natural signs had not been ignored, more people might have had a chance to survive.

（3）Which of the following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan earthquake?

A. The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very movement.

B. There weren’t enough rescue workers.

C. The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earthquake.

D. People were not careful

enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.

（4）How do you understand the real meaning of the idiom “It is always calm before a storm”?

A. It is unusually quiet before a thunderstorm or hurricane hit.

B. One should not trust

situations that seem peaceful since bad things may happen.

C. The weather is fine before a storm comes.

D. You should stay calm before a storm.

设计意图：为了帮助学生更好地理解阅读课文的内容，同时训练学生对课文的深层次理解，要求学生以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知，对文本的表面信息进行分析挖掘和逻辑推理。

Step4. Post-reading

1. Earthquakes are difficult to

predict. We can hardly avoid an

earthquake. But actually we can do

things to reduce the losses of an

earthquake. How do you prevent

yourself and others during the

earthquake?

（Let the students have a

discussion with their partners in

groups about more ways to help the people in the earthquake.）

Possible answers：

Dos

①Stay in a small room, such    as kitchen or bathroom.

①Hide under the table or bed, if you haven’t time to escape, you may stand close to the inside wall with some things covering on the head.

③If you stay in the open air , keep off the tall building, and go to the fields without trees.

Don’ts

①Be close to the outside wall

②Stay on the balcony

③Jump out of the tall buildings

④Use the lift

设计意图：让学生分组讨论在地震或突遇的灾难中如何自救及救人。通过阅读后的活动拓展，一方面加深学生对课文的理解程度，另一方面可以引导学生进行更深入的思考，即地震给我们带来的教训。

2. Did the survivors deny the city and go to live in other places? What do you think of them?

（Summarize in groups）

(No. The city breathes again and enters a whole new world with the help of the government, survivors, soldiers and people from all over the country. They show a brave spirit to everyone that although living things were destroyed but we must overcome the difficultly that we face in real life. With confidence and love we can survive all the pains)

设计意图：通过学习唐山灾后重建的故事，鼓励学生遇到困难时不气馁、不逃避，勇敢面对现实。

Step5. Summary（Retell the text with simple words and sentences）

（Several days before July 28, 1976, many strange things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for the earthquake. At 3:42 am that day, the earth began to shake, which destroyed the city. Later that afternoon, another big earthquake struck Tangshan. More people were killed or injured and more buildings fell down. Soldiers were called in to help the rescue works. Teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury the dead. With the help of the people, the city breathes again.）

设计意图：回顾并总结课堂内容，加深学生对本节课的掌握，锻炼学生的归纳能力，增强学生的语感，提高学生的口语水平。

Step6. Homework

 

(Search for some related articles about earthquakes, and give a free talk at the beginning of the next class.)

设计意图：课后作业一方面强化和巩固了与地震相关的词汇，另一方面要求学生课后搜集有关地震的信息,并在下节课开始进行简短的free talk,进一步深化了学生对这一方面知识的掌握程度。

 

 

（《山东教育》2019年1、2月第7、8期）